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DOSSIER Withdrawal of allied troops from Rhineland and Ruhr area 75 Images

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Series: Withdrawal of allied troops from Rhineland and Ruhr area

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Withdrawal of allied troops from Rhineland and Ruhr area

Preparations for the withdrawal of the staff from the French occupied Ruhr area, 1924

Soldiers are loading the baggage of the staff on a truck and prepare themselves for departure from Dortmund.

American soldiers on their way to Koblenz Bahnhof, 1923

After the election of Warren G. Hardings to the US president, the Americans strengthened their isolation policies and withdrew their troops from Europe. Here, US soldiers with shouldered rifles and the regimental flag, as well as the US flag march to the railway station. French soldiers line up with bayonets.

American soldiers right before their departure from Koblenz, 1923

Four US soldiers take a look at the city of Koblenz, their former occupation area. Soon they will be on their way home.

1925-1926: Allied pull-out of the Rhineland: Zone I, withdrawal of the Americans, Farewell at the train station, 1923

American withdrawal from the Rhineland. 1925-1926: Allied pull-out from the Rhineland: Zone I, the withdrawal of Americans, occupation of the Rhineland, Germany 1919-1932, Weimar Republic

American soldiers on their way to Koblenz Bahnhof, 1923

After the election of Harding as president, the Americans strengthened their isolation policies and withdrew their troops from Europe. The French became their successors in Koblenz. Here the US soldiers march with their luggage to the station.

Withdrawal of the Americans from Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, 1923

The US occupation soldiers parade one last time at the fortress. Afterwards the French took it over as an occupation area.

Pull-out of the American troops from Koblenz, 1923

An American soldier bids farewell to his girlfriend.

Pull-out of the American troops from Koblenz, 1923

American soldiers march to the station while French troops form a guard of honor.

Pull-out of the American troops from Koblenz, 1923

American soldiers march to the station.

A German girl says goodbye to an English soldier with her child in her arms at the train station in Cologne, 1925

Many children of the Rhineland occupation era originate from relationships between German girls and occupation soldiers. Here a young woman holds her little child to say farewell to the English father.

Cologne celebrating the abolition of the occupation of the city, 1925

Many Cologne citizens gathered at the Domplatz ("Cathedral Square") to celebrate the withdrawal of the British soldiers.

The British leave Cologne, 1925

The English say good-bye to the city of Cologne with a playing band and march across the Domplatz ("Cathedral Square").

Lowering the American flag at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, 1925

With the lowering of the flag, the American occupation troops leave the fortress. French soldiers were also present at the ceremony.

Farewell ceremony of the British in Cologne, 1925

In front of their headquarters in Cologne the British soldiers took leave by lowering their flag, and parading for the last time with fixed bayonets.

Crowd of people in front of Cologne Cathedral at the leave-taking of the English, 1925

By lowering the British flag, the soldiers of Great Britain bid farewell to Cologne. People gathered in crowds for this solemn hour at Cologne Cathedral.

Farewell of the English soldiers to Cologne, 1925

The British leave their headquarters in Cologne by lowering flags and a last parade with fixed bayonets.

Arrival of the first German policemen at Duesseldorf Hauptbahnhof, 1925

After their arrival, the policemen gather around and rank. Many still have their luggage with them.

Return of the Schupo in Essen, 1925

After the evacuation of Essen by the French soldiers, the returning Schutzpolizei (police) was enthusiastically received by the population. Here a woman hands over a bouquet to a policeman.

Departure of the last British soldiers from Cologne, 1925

After the signing of the Locarno Treaty, the last Englishmen cleared the city of Cologne and marched home with their shouldered rifles and bayonets.

Preparations to put out to sea the English Rhine Flotilla in Cologne, 1925

English marines of the Royal Navy carry sea bags by means of a guard rail on a ship.

Departure of the British from Cologne, 1925

After the siging of the Locarno Treaty, the English left the 1st zone of the occupied Rhineland. Here they march out of Cologne.

Withdrawal of the French from Duesseldorf, around 1925

Members of the French occupation force leave the city on the back of their horses with drawn sabers.

French soldiers leaving the occupation zone of Dortmund-Hoerde, 1925

After the adoption of the Dawes Plan, the evacuation of the occupation zone was carried out very slowly and unobtrusively. The French left the city with shouldered weapons in groups of up to 20 men under the leadership of a corporal.

English officers leave a hotel in Wiesbaden, 1925

Under the Locarno Treaty, a part of the occupied Rhineland was cleared by the Allies. Here, English officers leave a hotel in Wiesbaden.

Two French troopers leave Duesseldorf, around 1925

The Allied occupation was abolished as early as 1925 in the eastern area of ??the Rhine. Here, two soldiers of the French occupation force are leaving Dusseldorf (Undated photo).

British soldiers' formation in front of the government building in Wiesbaden, 1926

Soldiers of the Scottish and British occupation armies took over the government in Wiesbaden after the departure of the French. Here they parade in front of the government building with a hoisted British flag.

Raising of the Cologne flag, 1926

After the withdrawal of the British occupation soldiers, the flag of the city of Cologne was hoisted at the "Excelsior Hotel Ernst", the former headquarters of the English.

Departure of the French from Saarlouis, 1927

In 1927 the last French soldiers left Saarlouis. They march out of the city with their rifles tied on their backs.

British cavalry in Frauenstein, 1929

During the Occupation of the Rhineland by the Allies a British patrol rides through Frauenstein.

British cavalrymen in Frauenstein, 1929

Here four mounted British soldiers pass through the small town of Frauenstein. Passers-by watch them, including a man with ox-drawn carts.

English soldiers lowering the flag in Wiesbaden, 1929

Observed by spectators on the surrounding balconies, English soldiers of the occupation force take up positions for the last flag lowering before their departure.

Farewell roll call of the French in Koblenz, 1929

On the last day of November, the last occupation troops left the Second Zone of the Rhineland. This is the last roll call of the soldiers to the President of the InterAllied Rhineland Commission, Paul Tirard, and the military commander General Thevenent.

Lowering of the French flag at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, 1929

In the course of the evacuation of the fortress by the French occupation troops, the waving tricolor was also lowered.

Lowering of the French flag in Ludwigshafen am Rhein, 1930

French soldiers clear the occupied bridgehead Ludwigshafen. Here soldiers of the garrison, 97th infantry regiment, ceremoniously lower the tricolor.

The English marching off from Koenigstein, 1929

These English soldiers left their former headquarters in Koenigstein in orderly marching columns.

English soldiers before their departure from Koenigstein, 1929

The English are ready to withdraw from the Rhineland with a rolled flag.

Lowering the French tricolor at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, 1929

Two members of the French occupation force lower the flag of France.

The departure of English soldiers from Wiesbaden, 1929

English soldiers leave Wiesbaden with a parade accompanied by a French guard of honor.

French soldiers evacuate the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, around 1929

Frenchmen march down the winding road in front of the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress, which leads down to the edge of the Rhine hills.

Withdrawal of the last French occupation troops from Koblenz, 1929

The last soldiers of the occupation force march with their luggage across a bridge to France.

Farewell parade of the withdrawing French in Koblenz, 1929

Under the eyes of curious passers-by, the French occupation soldiers leave the occupied Koblenz in the direction of the train station.

French paramilitary troop parade in the occupied Rhineland, around 1929

Black members of the French occupation force march across a city in the Rhineland with their shouldered rifles. The use of black colonial soldiers was a special disgrace to the Germans.

Withdrawing French occupation troops in Mainz, 1929

These soldiers are clearing their barracks in the Mainz-Kastel district of Mainz with a last parade and shouldered rifles.

French armored vehicles on their farewell trip across Trier, 1930

These armored vehicles were the last unit of troops of the French occupation army, which left the occupied Rhineland. Here the vehicles are on their farewell trip in Trier.

Farewell of the commander of the army, General Goubeon, from his soldiers, 1929

Goubeon, General of the French Occupation Groups, says good-bye to the men of the 151st Infantry Regiment, who had moved out of Koblenz.

Parade of the withdrawing French before High Commissioner Paul Tirard, 1929

The last French troops leave the occupied Rhineland. Here, the soldiers parade one last time before the President of the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission, Paul Tirard.

French soldiers leave their barracks in Mainz, 1929

The 151st French infantry regiment leaves the "Caserne Lafayette". Here, soldiers lower the regimental flag.

German policemen salute in the direction of the "Deutsches Eck" (German Corner) near Koblenz, 1929

After the Allied evacuation of the Rhineland, the German Schutzpolizisten (policemen) also returned to their cities. Here, six policemen celebrate the liberation from the Allies, militarily greeting and saluting the German Corner near Koblenz from the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress.

German police salute at Ehrenbreitstein fortress, 1929

German police salute at Ehrenbreitstein fortress on the occasion of the evacuation of the Rhineland zone by the allied forces. In the background one can see Koblenz and the equestrian statue for Kaiser Wilhelm I at the German Corner. In August of 1929, at the end of the first conference in The Hague, the German Reich was ensured of the de-militarization of the complete Rhineland by June 30, 1930. The area was thereby evacuated five years earlier than stipulated by the Versailles Treaty. The British troops began the evacuation of the Koblenz Rhineland zone in September of 1929.

Lowering the tricolor upon vacating Koblenz, 1929

French troops lower the flag at Ehrenbreitstein fortress above Koblenz in preparation for vacating the city. On December 1, 1929 the flag of the German Reich was raised again and the last French soldiers left the Rhineland in the spring of 1930.

French soldiers vacate Koblenz, 1929

Soldiers of the 151st infantry regiment march from the Alexander fort to the old Ehrenbreitstein fortress where the flag is to be lowered. Koblenz was occupied by the French for 11 years after the First World War, when they vacated the city the second zone of the Rhineland was returned to Germany.

French soldiers on Deutsches Eck, 1929

French troops hold 'Guard on the Rhine' short before their pull-out. The second Rhineland zone from Koblenz to Aachen is cleared by the French troops.

Lowering the French flag at the Ehrenbreistein Fortress near Koblenz, 1929

On the last day of November 1929, all the soldiers of the occupation armies left the 2nd occupation zone of the Rhineland. Here the French tricolor is lowered at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress.

French marines evacuate Koblenz, 1929

Members of the French navy leave Koblenz across a bridge.

Hoisting of the imperial flag at the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, 1929

After the Allied evacuation of the Rhineland, the imperial flag was hoisted on the Ehrenbretsstein Fortress at midnight from November the 30th to December the 1st. Policemen and the constabulary were saluting during the hoisiting.

German constables at Deutsches Eck, 1929

After the pull-out of the French troops German constables take over the guard on the stronghold on the Rhine.

Arrival of English soldiers in Dover, 1929

English soldiers from the 2nd Battalion of the Hampshire Regiment arrive by ship in Dover. The soldiers standing on the railing had embarked in Wiesbaden.

The German flag hoisted on the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz, 1929

After the Allied evacuation of the Rhineland, the German flag was hoisted again in the formerly occupied territories, as seen here on the Ehrenbreitstein Fortress near Koblenz.

Last preparations for departure of English soldiers from Wiesbaden, 1929

A customs officer controlls the suitcase of a withdrawing English soldier. His comrades are watching the happenings.

Withdrawal of the last English troops from Wiesbaden, 1929

The English say goodbye to Wiesbaden after having lowered the flag with a parade.

1925-1926: allied pull-out of the Rhineland: second and third zone

1925-1926: allied pull-out of the Rhineland: second and third zone, Remilitarization, Germany 1919-1932 Weimar Republic

French officers dive their regimental flags into the Rhine near Bad Kreuznach, 1930

Shortly before their withdrawal from the Rhineland, these French soldiers submerged their flags and regimental pennants into the waters of the Rhine to symbolically document their claim to the river.

Departure of the English from Wiesbaden, 1930

The English marched off from Wiesbaden with a French guard of honor, while a music band was playing.

1925-1926: allied pull-out of the Rhineland: second and third zone

1925-1926: allied pull-out of the Rhineland: second and third zone, Remilitarization, Germany 1919-1932 Weimar Republic

French troops march out of Wiesbaden, 1930

With a group of drummers ahead of them, soldiers march to the train station in Wiesbaden.

French farewell parade in Wiesbaden, 1930

After the departure of the British from Wiesbaden a year before, the French also bid farewell to the city with a troops parade. They are lined up in front of the former seat of the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission, Hotel Wilhelma, above which the French tricolor is still blowing.

French officers in the occupied Mainz, 1930

High ranking officers of the French occupation army await the farewell parade of the withdrawing soldiers in Kaiserstrasse.

Farewell ceremony of the French in Trier, 1930

Passers-by and soldiers of the French occupation force witness the lowering of the French tricolor.

Title page of the Cologne "Volkszeitung" on the occasion of the Allied evacuation of the Rhineland, 1930

Using the headline "Free, free, free is the Rhine" and a large portrait of the President of the Reich, Paul von Hindenburg, the newspaper writes about the Allied evacuation of the Rhineland and the subsequent liberation ceremonies.

Decampment of the French troops from Mainz, 1930

Before their pull-out from Mainz French troops parade a last time. The clearing is filmed by a camera crew.

Withdrawal of the French troops from Mainz, 1930

A French soldier carries the flag during the evacuation of Mainz by the French occupying forces that had occupied the Rhineland in the conflict on reparations.

French soldiers withdrawing from the Ruhr area, 1924

These two members of the French occupation force leave the Ruhr area with their shouldered bags.

Withdrawal of the French occupation troops, 1925

By means of horses and the railway, French soldiers prepare the withdrawal from the occupied Ruhr area. To protect the animals from rain, they have put coats on them.

French soldiers leave Dortmund, 1925

The last soldiers leave Dortmund with their knapsacks on their backs.

French troops leave the occupied Essen, 1925

Soldiers of the French occupation force pack their luggage onto trains. At the station there are several rifles which had been arranged in pyramids and knapsacks.