The British Deputy Foreign Secretary Lord Cushendun signs the Kellogg-Briand Pact which was named after the French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand (in the background middle) and his American counterpart Franklin Billings Kellogg (hidden) in the Clock Room of the French Foreign Ministry. The 15 signatory countries (including Belgium, Germany, France, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Poland, Czechoslovakia and the USA) pledged to renounce war as a means of solving international conflicts.